What Is TLIF?
TLIF treats spondylolisthesis, recurrent disc herniation, and degenerative disc disease with instability by combining nerve decompression with an interbody fusion, all through a posterior approach. The disc is accessed through the foramen on one side, avoiding significant retraction of the thecal sac and nerves, and an interbody cage is placed alongside pedicle screw instrumentation.
Who It's For
A versatile, well-established option for spondylolisthesis, recurrent herniation after a prior discectomy, and degenerative disc disease with instability — particularly when decompression of the nerves and fusion are both needed through the same posterior incision.
How the Procedure Is Performed
Through a posterior midline or paramedian incision, the surgeon removes a portion of the facet joint and lamina to access the disc space through the foramen. The disc is removed and an interbody cage packed with bone graft is placed to restore height and promote fusion, while pedicle screws and rods are placed to stabilize the segment and support correction of any slippage.
Recovery & Rehabilitation
Hospital stays typically run two to four days. Early walking is encouraged, and a brace may be used briefly for comfort. Physical therapy supports a gradual return to activity over several weeks, while the fusion itself matures over roughly six to twelve months.